Physical Exercise and Cognitive Functioning in Children

The purpose of this study is to look at if physical exercise will help the healthy cognitive development in children and adolescence and this paper will illustrate that the same facts are true for children and adolescence, and will stress the importance of exercise for children optimal brain development and growth. The current studies show that physical activity has a positive effect on attention, neuroplasticity and intellectual development in children and adolescence. The studies also seem to show the importance of physical activity like PE classes and recess in schools and curriculum to have well-founded, healthy children. The studies show that physical activity has affects on brain growth and development and if children activate and†¦show more content†¦An article written by Tomporowski (2012) proves some of the same points of the earlier articles by stated that much research recently has shown there is a significant correlation between physical activity and intelligenc e and healthy cognitive development and structures in children. Again, this article states that not much research has been done, but most of the research has proven that physical exercise helps neuropathways in the brain and rebuilding brain cells for healthier development. This is essential for children and adolescents as they grow, and physical activity and exercise is proving to be a huge factor determining many children and their future. â€Å"A few studies, however, provide evidence that exercise may facilitate specific types of cognitive functioning. Childrens executive functions appear particularly sensitive to exercise interventions, (Tomporowski, 2012). Kraft’s article states that there is increasing evidence over the years that physical activity has a direct and significant effect on cognitive function, as explained in the article. This article talks about the research done on both animals and humans to prove that exercise is looked at the cause of â€Å"stimulating neuroplasticity,† as stated in the article, which could increase cognitive functioning. The article goes into further detail of the neurology behind theShow MoreRelatedDisadvantages Of Using Some Tools, Mri And Eeg1434 Words   |  6 PagesMRI and EEG, a smaller population size was used in such circumstances as a limited number of instruments or lack of funds to provide for a larger population. A larger sample size represents a wider range of children of different thinking capabilities that can respond in various ways to physical activity and how they perform on standardized testing. To further study the hypotheses in these articles, there must be an inc rease in the sample size to increase the power, and to have a more accurate outcomeRead MoreThe Effects Of Physical Exercise On Children1312 Words   |  6 Pagesdoes not; however, show a statistical significance in digit recall with changes from p =0.10 at a 5 minute exercise break, p=0.48 at a 10 minute exercise break and p=0.18 at a 20 minute exercise break, and does not show a significant difference between cognitive functioning and physical activity in children, thus refutes the notion that physical exercise may be affected by different exercise doses. Findings again differed for Raine et al. (2013) as results showed an increase in recall of locationsRead MoreHow Interaction Affects Our Social And Cognitive Functioning1249 Words   |  5 Pagesin a way that no other species can, it also enables us to help one another with our development and progress. In this essay I am going to discuss how interaction, with both people and the environment, can help develop both our social a nd cognitive functioning. It is widely believed that one’s childhood plays a key role in the development of that individual. The online article, ‘Early Childhood development: The First Five Years’, states â€Å"The first five years create the foundation for the child toRead MoreImproving Our Cognitive Function At Any Age1134 Words   |  5 PagesImproving our cognitive functions at any age seems to be a good idea. In a world where the ageing population will soon outnumber the young it is an event more important to find a way to protect and enchants them. Everywhere there more and more different products that promise to keep the mind young and sharp. They can be found everywhere from the Apple App store, where you can find apps that help you improve problem solving and decision making abilities to the pharmacy, where you can find tens ofRead MoreBrain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ( Bdnf )1720 Words   |  7 Pagesbiomarker for impaired general cognitive function and memory. Studies have b ee conducted on mice measuring the concentration of circulating, also called plasma or serum, BDNF in the blood of these animals when they exercise. Exercise has been proven to increase cognitive function and links between a large level of BDNF in the bloodstream and improved results on spatial/ cognitive testing of these rats shows that BDNF correlates to an increase in memory and cognitive abilities. 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Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ Yongmin attempted to show with this article how marriage can â€Å"change† for a married couple when their children turns the age(s) 12-17, also known as the beginning of adolescence. His research focuses on two mainRead MoreExercise Increases The Intelligence Of Humans1245 Words   |  5 PagesNow a days everywhere you go people are idolizing human fitness and exercise. The majority of this generation eats right, lifts right and obsesses over their image. The average person is going to strive for a great body, and great intelligence. But who ever said you can have both a great- healthy body and intelligence? I do, the human brain is the most complex and unique organ in the body. Some even consider it a muscle. Similar to muscles, your brain can be trained and worked for better functionalityRead MoreThe Effects Of A Physical Activity Exercise Intervention On The Following Outcomes855 Words   |  4 Pagespeer-reviewed publications, published since 2000 with full text availab le. Studies were required to report a quantitative analysis of the effects of a physical activity or exercise intervention on the following outcomes: behavioral (e.g. fidgeting, classroom disruptions); psychological (e.g. depression, anxiety); or cognitive (e.g. attention, working memory) in children aged 21 and under, who were diagnosed with a SEBD. SEBDs included, but were not limited, to the following: attention deficit hyperactivity disorderRead MorePhysical Based Programs As Interventions For At Risk Youth Essay1717 Words   |  7 PagesLubans, Plotinikoff and Lubans (2012) conducted a systemic review of physical based programs as interventions for at-risk youth. Significant increases in social emotional wellbeing were identified for outdoor adventure programs, sport and skill based programs, and physical fitness programs. However, the researchers report that the risk of bias in the existing studies is high. None of the studies reported power calculations to detect the hypoth esized effect. Additionally, few of the studies reported

The Declaration Of Independence A Significant Year For...

2016, is a significant year for the country. Finding Dory came out, One Direction broke up, and there is a major presidential election. The election this year is important as both candidates are fighting for and desperately in need of the African-American vote to win. The irony in this election is that not that long ago African-Americans were not even allowed to vote. This paper sets out the historical struggles the African-American people faced in obtaining suffrage. The 1700’s marked the boom of the slave trade. African-Americans could barely get the law to see them as people, let alone give them the right to vote. The Declaration of Independence, signed in 1776, was a document that embraced the principle of equality for all men. This principle would prove to be elusive to African-Americans. In 1789, the U.S. Constitution would declare black slaves be counted as 3/5s of a person in determining representation and therefore ineligible to vote. Slavery continued along with the mistreatment of the African-American people. The 1700’s brought thousands of African-Americans to the United States with no right to vote and no representation, the fundamental proposition for the revolt against King George III. An irony that would not go unnoticed decades and centuries later. The 1800’s ushered in a time of unrest and the beginning of social change for African-Americans in the United States. The beginning of the l800s brought legislation which prohibited the importationShow MoreRelatedInfluence Of The Magna Carta789 Words   |  4 Pagesanyone else it set fourth more clauses that benefitted the lives of the barons that those lives of the peasants. Many years later, the Magna Carta had a significant role in influencing the founding of the United States. The Magna Carta inspired our Founding Fathers to draft our Constitution centered around these same ideas seen here. The Magna Carta influenced many ideas of English justice and law. These same ideas in the Magna Carta influenced the Amendments to our US Constitution. The amendmentsRead MoreComparing The Declaration Of Independence926 Words   |  4 Pages 2 The US Constitution, The Declaration of Independence as well as the Letter to the Danbury Baptist are not just historical documents, but are some of if not the most important documents of the history of our nation. Although, similar in many facets the intentions and the goal pursued by each highlight their individuality. The fact that the Declaration of Independence was the first to be implemented and signed is of significant importance as it set the pace and put in motionRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence : What Shaped And Provided The Freedom The United States Of America1030 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract The declaration of Independence is what shaped and provided the freedom the United States of America has today. The Declaration of Independence today is looked at a symbol for America to reflect on as it paved the way for most of the rights we have today. This document has been fundamental to american history longer than any other text because it was the first text to use â€Å"The United States of America† and in a sense the Declaration was the birth certificate of the American nationRead MoreArgumentative Essay On The Declaration Of Independence1176 Words   |  5 Pagessense of integrity and determination to fabricate the Declaration of Independence - a historical document that pleads King George III for independence and stresses the importance of freedom, equality, and natural rights. Though the Declaration of Independence signifies the birth of America and represents a powerful landmark in our history, when looked at from a broad spectrum, it can be seen as arrog ant, ironic, and controversial. The Declaration states, â€Å" †¦ all men are created equal, that they areRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence And Independence969 Words   |  4 PagesThe US Constitution, The Declaration of Independence as well as the Letter to the Danbury Baptist are not just historical documents, but some of if not the most important documents of the history of our nation. Although, similar in many facets the intentions and the goal pursued by each highlight their individuality. The fact that the Declaration of Independence was the first to be implemented and signed is of significant importance as it set the pace and put in motion the proceeding documents thatRead MoreGettysburg Address Versus Declaration of Independence Essay1472 Words   |  6 PagesAddress Versus Jefferson’s Declaration Two of the most important, and, perhaps the two most important documents in American history are the Declaration of Independence and the Gettysburg Address. The Declaration of Independence, the document of secession written by Thomas Jefferson in 1776, called for the complete independence of the states from the British Empire. The Gettysburg Address was a document on the theory of union that stressed the need for one united country and expressed the importanceRead MoreAnalysis of the Declaration of Independence Essay1040 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of The Declaration of Independence The Declaration of Independence by Thomas Jefferson was made in order to give the colonists a way to break free from the shackles of King George. This document has affected the building blocks of the United States and is one of the most important documents in U.S. history. The Declaration of Independance was the foundation of what this country was based on. However, what Jefferson and the other signers might not have expected is the strech, the firmRead MorePrinciples Of John Locke And The Declaration Of Independence1021 Words   |  5 Pages Essay Question: RELATE the ideas of John Locke to the Declaration of Independence by DISCUSSING three main ideas in the Declaration of Independence and how each relates to the Natural Rights Philosophy. FCA 1: Clearly stated definition AND explanation of Natural Rights Philosophy. (35 points) FCA 2: Correct and consistent verb usage. (15 points) FCA 3: No unnecessary words and phrases; no repetition. (15 points) FCA 4: Concluding remarks that summarizes the focus of the essay and emphasizesRead MoreEssay on Equality in America897 Words   |  4 Pagesseeking the impartiality upon which this country was founded. The institutions of this country have relied upon it, just as it was the created by the events in the laying of moral foundations. The expression of Americas citizens plays an extremely significant role in the history of equality in American society. In the pursuit of equality and the American Dream, people have authored inspiring compositions and sermons to express their feelings of what their country should be like and how exemplary itRead MoreSpeech : Land Of The Free992 Words   |  4 Pagesaccomplishments of our citizens though out our short history. July 4th, 1776 is perhaps the most significant and widely celebrated holiday. The Fourth of July marks our independence and legal separation from Great Britain. July 4th, or Independence Day is the celebration of the United Stat es of America’s birth. Today, the Fourth of July is one of the few things American Citizens can celebrate together. Independence day is commonly known for western themed barbeques, parades, fireworks, and other patriotic

The Greek Theater Essay Example For Students

The Greek Theater Essay The Greek TheaterThe arts of the western world have beenlargely dominated by the artistic standards established by the Greeks ofthe classical period (Spreloosel 86). It is from the Greek word theatron,meaning a place for sitting, that we get our word theater. Accordingto James Butler, The Greeks were the first people to erect special structuresto bring audiences and theatrical performers together (27). Thetheaters were normally located near a populated area at the bottom of orcut out of a carefully selected, sloping hillside overlooking a seascape,a plain, or a city (Butler 30). They eventually with few exceptionsconsisted of three distinct parts: theatron (viewing place) for spectators,orchestra (dancing place) where the chorus and actors performed; and alater addition, a skene (scene building), which provided a scenic backing(Butler 30). The theatron was the place wherethe audience sat. At first the spectators sat on the ground, lateron wooden bleachers and finally on tiers of stone seats which followedthe circular shape of the orchestra and the natural contours of the countryside. The theatron surrounded the orchestra on three sides. Describingthe theater of Dionysus, David Taylor writes, The spectators seats werein a curving area, a little more than a semi-circle and slope down to thecenter (Taylor 19). Even though all classes of people attended thetheater there were reserved areas for the more prestigious, such as theking. The audience arranged in rows,looked out across a rounded orchestra (Kennedy 1102). Because mostof the early dramas were religious and required a sacrificial ceremony,a thymele (an altar or sacrificial table) was located in the center ofthe orchestra. The orchestra was where the chorus and actorsperformed. Arnott states, the nucleus of the drama was the chorus(Arnott 9). David Taylor comments, The theater actually did startwithout any separate actors; there was only the chorus (15). Lateractors were added, but the chorus still remained the center of attention. The audience sat at a considerable distance from the orchestra and lookeddown on the performance. Although the amount of detail perceivedwas limited, they often were drawn into the play and became charactersthemselves. The action has spilled over from the orchestra to theauditorium to embrace the whole community, players and public alike (Anott21). The third distinct part of the theaterwas the skene (scene building). The earliest scene buildings were verysimple wooden structures (Butler 31). Originally, the skene wasa dressing room; later it is believed to have borne a painted backdrop(Kennedy 1102). This area was known as the actors place. Itwas intended to provide a background against which actors could perform. In Greek theater as we know it, the skene appears as a appendage, adjunct,breaking the perfect circularity of the design (Arnott 13). Although the origin of the Greek theateris unclear, many historians believe that it developed out of religiousritual and its performances were connected to religious festivals. Theperformances were used to educate and entertain. The theater is certainlynot the same as it was in ancient Greece but it has not changed completely(Taylor 8). This form of art has always had a special appeal formany people. Works CitedArnott, Peter. The Ancient Greekand Roman Theatre. New York: RandomHouse,1971. Butler, James H. The Theatre andDrama of Greece and Rome. San Francisco:Chandler,1972. Kennedy, X.J., and Dama Gidia, eds. Literature: An Introduction To Fiction,Poetryand Drama. New York: Harper Collins, 1995. 1102-1105. Spreloosel, Jackson J. Western CivilizationVolume I. St. Paul Mn: West,1994. .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15 , .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15 .postImageUrl , .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15 , .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15:hover , .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15:visited , .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15:active { border:0!important; } .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15:active , .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15 .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7067f706383970473586ab10184a4f15:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Secret Sharer Essay86-88. Taylor, David. Acting and the Stage. London: George Allen Unwin, 1978.

The College Basketball Season So Far

This year, college basketball has proven exactly what we already knew: predictions and preseason rankings are meaningless, even just a few weeks into the season. Now that we’re right in the thick of conference play let’s take a look at this year so far in college basketball.Iowa: The State of Upsets Remember last year, when Kentucky was the top ranked team for just about the entirety of the season? Well, it’s only Week 11, and five number one teams have already been taken down, with three of those losses coming in the state of Iowa. Perhaps the most interesting detail of this stat is that all three losses in Iowa came to different teams, starting with University of Northern Iowa upsetting University of North Carolina back in November. University of Iowa then knocked off Michigan State, followed by last week’s thriller featuring Iowa State defeating Oklahoma, despite a valiant 27-point effort by Sooner star Buddy Hield. Maybe it’s the corn or maybe there’s something in the water, but so far this year one thing is for sure: Iowa is not that place any number one team wants to be. Team Exceeding Expectations: Xavier Musketeers (AP No. 5): After starting the season unranked with a few Top 25 votes, the Musketeers got off to the hottest start in program history at 16-1, before falling to tough conference foe Georgetown on Tuesday. With big wins over then ranked Michigan, crosstown rival University of Cincinnati, and a blowout victory over Butler, Xavier has reestablished their position as one of the top programs in the country. Their success comes, thanks in large part, to coach Chris Mack’s ability to develop young players into stars. Last week’s Big East Player of the Week, sophomore Trevon Bluiett (15.9 ppg 7 rebounds), and Big East Freshman of the Week Edmund Sumner, have both stepped up big time. With the addition of redshirt juniors Myles Davis and Jalen Reynolds, the Muskies look to make a return to the Sweet 16 and beyond. Most Disappointing Team So Far: Gonzaga (unranked): Every year, it seems as though the Zags just can’t pull it together, and after losing star guards Kevin Pangos and playmaker David Stockton, this season is no different. Forwards Kyle Wiltjer and Domantas Sabonis are the only bright spots on the team so far, averaging 22 and 18 points respectively. But without a complete backcourt to dish it to the scorers, Gonzaga will continue to struggle. While the West Coast Conference is, year in and year out, Gonzaga’s conference to lose, they are going to need senior guards Josh Perkins and Eric McClellan to bring these team together if they want to make a serious run in March. Early Player of the Year Conversation: Ben Simmons, LSU: Considered by most to be the top pick in next year’s NBA draft before playing a single college game, the LSU freshman is averaging a double-double with 19.4 ppg, 12.8 rpg, and 5.1 assists per game. Simmons is about as complete of a college basketball player analysts have seen in years - at 6’10†, 225 lbs, he is tall enough to grab boards and create his own shot, yet athletic enough to dribble and drive his way through the lane for an easy two points. Although LSU has only gone 11-7 this year, Simmons was a big part in upsetting then No.9 Kentucky. He shot 100% from the field (14 points) and grabbed 10 rebounds to lead to Tigers their biggest win yet. Buddy Hield, University of Oklahoma: If you’ve watched Oklahoma play this year, then you know that this guy is the real deal. Averaging 26 ppg, Hield is a major reason why the Sooners have shot up to No.1 in the AP rankings. Earlier this month, we saw an instant classic triple overtime thriller between then No. 1 Kansas and No. 2 Oklahoma, in which Hield put up an insane 46 points on 8-15 from beyond the arc. His agility, awareness, and overall skill puts him as a favorite for more than just the Big 12 Player of the Year. Final Four Predictions: As I started the article, nothing is guaranteed and predictions will often fall flat. But that being said, there are a few teams that are early favorites to play in Houston come late March: University of North Carolina: With experienced head coach Roy Williams and PG Marcus Paige coming back strong from an injury, the Tar Heels have the experience and leadership required for a Final Four Team. ACC title contenders Virginia Duke won’t roll over easily, though, as there is a long path out of the conference and into March. University of Oklahoma: If senior Buddy Hield can continue to be one of the top scorers in the NCAA, the Sooners are going to be the team no one wants to play come March. Senior big man Ryan Spangler contributes almost 11 points and 10 rebounds per game; the inside combination of Spangler and Hield has lit up opponents the first 11 weeks. The Sooners look like they’re in great shape for the tournament. Michigan State: Despite dropping their last three of their last four games, the Spartans are facing the adversity every tournament team needs, and they’re facing it early. After an injury took out star Denzel Valentine for a couple weeks, the Spartans were forced to work with what they had, and still won 3 out of 4. Although they are only 1-3 since his return I trust that a coach as experienced as Tom Izzo will be able to put this team that was once ranked No. 1 back into title contender shape. Xavier University: Since 2001, the Musketeers have failed to reach March Madness only twice. Coach Chris Mack has really done something special with this team this year: they have only been outrebounded once all season and seem to play as a complete team no matter what lineup is on the court. With seven players averaging at least 20 minutes per game and nine players that average at least 10 minutes, the Musketeers hope that their depth and experience can push them all the way to the Final Four.

Birmingham Letter Illusions free essay sample

Letter from Birmingham Jail Allusions in Section 3 Martin Luther King’s Letter from Birmingham Jail is one of the most well known documents in American history. King’s profound ability to articulate important ideas, values, concepts and Biblical perspectives made for some of the most powerful and inspirational pieces of American literature ever produced. One technique that King used in his public speeches and letters was his allusions to historical figures, the Bible and opposing congressmen. During the 60’s when cultural prejudice still held strong roots in Congress, it was King’s talent to inspire the public that revolutionized America’s racial injustices. King’s frequent use of allusions in his famous Letter from Birmingham Jail proved his intelligence and greatly attributed to his success and popularity during the 1960’s. His allusions demonstrated his referential capabilities while also making his messages readily relatable to the public. It was often said that it was not King’s intelligence that made him seem so acumen, but that he was â€Å"well read†(knew much from reading). We will write a custom essay sample on Birmingham Letter Illusions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page His frequent allusions to major documents and famous statements in contest to his adversaries ultimately lead to his dominance in public speech. In the paragraphs 12 through 14 when king references the election of mayor Albert Boutwell, he states, â€Å"We are sadly mistaken if we feel that the election of Albert Boutwell as mayor will bring the millennium to Birmingham† in paragraph twelve. The millennium is an allusion to a specific verse from the Bible’s book of Revelation interpreted as the 1,000 years in which Jesus comes back to earth to restore peace. He made many correlations to the Bible and major public documents, such as the Declaration of Independence and the Bill of Rights to make his arguments accurate and mainly understandable by restating vital rules and quotes that even the illiterate could comprehend. In these paragraphs he quoted the Bible by using phrases like â€Å"moral light, â€Å"abyss of despair† and â€Å" unjust posture. † King used the word â€Å"wait† in this section of the letter multiple times as a allusion to the current denial of rights to African Americans that had been going on for the last 340 years. He also stated that â€Å"justice too long delayed is justice denied† in correlation to the current racial dilemma in America at the time. All of these direct references made for some of the most significant and powerful American literature ever created and made Martin Luther King one of the most successful authors in this period of civil revolution. By reinforcing his argument with allusions that the public could relate to, King was able to greatly impact the civil rights movement of the 1960’s and ultimately bring around the social turning point of the century that provided racial equality to all and smother prejudice in America thereafter.

Midsummer Night Dream essays

Midsummer Night Dream essays How did The Arden school of Theatres production of a Midsummer Nights Dream present the following elements of the text on stage? How did this presentation compare to your own interpretation of the text and your expectations of how it might be staged? In -this essay I will be examining the Arden School of theatre production of A Midsummer Nights Dream. Examining the key elements of the plot, location and characters and considering my own interpretation. In A Midsummer Nights Dream Theseus, the duke of Athens, is about to marry Hippolyta, a lady warrior who he conquered. Egeus brings his daughter Hermia to court. She and Lysander want to get married, but Egeus wants her to marry Demetrius, who also wants her. Under Athenian law, Hermia must either marry the man of her father's choice, choose banishment to become a nun, or be executed. Theseus says he will enforce this law and gives everyone a few days to decide. Demetrius used to love Helena but has since abandoned her; she is Hermia's friend. Lysander and Hermia decide to elope and get married in the next town, beyond the reach of Athenian law. Hermia tells Helena, who in turn tells Demetrius in order to get him to love her again. Hermia and Lysander flee into the woods, Demetrius follows the lovers, and Helena follows him. Out in the forest, Oberon and Titania, king and queen of fairyland, have quarrelled over who will raise an orphaned Indian boy. They have also each slept with either Theseus or Hippolita. Oberon sends Puck to find a magic flower. This flower's juice, applied to a sleeper's eyes, will make the person fall in love with whoever he or she sees first upon awakening. Puck brings the flower, and Oberon applies it to the eyes of sleeping Titania. Oberon then tells Puck to apply it to the eyes of Demetrius, so that when he wakes and sees Helena he will love her instead. Hermia and Lysander fall asleep, with Lysander honouring Hermia's requ...

Aspects of Contract and Negligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

Aspects of Contract and Negligence - Essay Example The Facts of Donoghue and Stevenson, and the Importance of This Judicial Precedent It is a civil action between two people (Mrs May Donoghue v. David Stevenson). It is important to state that it is not a criminal prosecution. On 26 August 1928, Mrs Donoghue was bought a drink by her friend at the Wellmeadow Cafe in Paisley. She consumed a portion of ginger beer, which contained an ice-cream float. All was well up to this point. However, when the other portion of the bottle was emptied into her glass, something that seemed to be decomposing remains of a snail floated out. The incident made Mrs Donoghue to feel unwell. Mrs Donoghue sued David Stevenson (the manufacturer of the ginger beer) (Scottish Council of Law Reporting 2008, p1). This judicial precedent was of great importance since it was decided by a jury. Most of the civil cases are decided by a judge without the involvement of a jury (Scottish Council of Law Reporting 2008, p1). What Has To Be Proved In Civil Action In Neglige nce And By Whom? A cause of action is a set of facts that establishes a right or claim to sue in the United Kingdom law. A cause of action justifies the commencement of legal proceedings. There are various causes of action. Each action requires certain elements to be proved by the claimant if he or she has to win the case. All the elements of cause of action must be thoroughly explained in the claim with supporting law and facts. The application of the facts based on the law must result in a logical decision and a claim for proper remedy. In civil litigation, the components of each cause of action have to be proved based on the balance of probabilities. A cause of action can emerge from an omission or act, violation of individual rights, failure to execute legal obligation or a breach of duty. All these have to be proved by the claimant in civil action in negligence. The circumstances or facts can cause an individual to seek legal remedy. For instance, in all cases of negligence, th e following elements of cause of action must be considered duty of care, breach of duty, and causation (FindLaw 2012, p1). How Compensation Can Be sought For the Distress Suffered and Loss of Earnings Compensation for damage caused by professional negligence or a breach of contract is usually difficult to deal with especially for the innocent party. In other words, it is difficult for the claimant to be compensated for the distressed suffered and loss of earnings. Decisions made by courts do not award compensation for distress, inconvenience, or anxiety. This is because if they permitted a claim for stress in the simple cases, it would probably open doors for more litigation. However, there are exceptions if the contrary outcome is procured. The objectives of each contract is to offer relaxation, free from molestation, peace of mind or pleasure, thus, damages can be awarded if one or all of the mentioned objectives are not met (Pro Neg 2011, p1). The Lord Atkins’s neighbour p rinciples are applicable in this case. According to the principle, the rule to love the neighbour in law is translated to indicate that the neighbour must not be injured. An individual must be very careful to avoid omissions or acts that can probably injure the neighbour. In law, a neighbour is someone who is directly and closely influenced by the actions of another individual (Chan 2011, p9). Thus, the claimant can seek compensation for